Pulau Chermin (Chermin Island)

Pulau Chermin (Chermin Island) is an islet located at the mouth of the Brunei River, within the mangrove and river-mouth environment near the former capital in Mukim Kota Batu. Historical accounts indicate the island was strategically important for Brunei's defence following destructive raids during the Castilian War in the late 16th century; it was fortified as a bastion to protect the capital and surrounding waterways. In a later period of internal conflict, the islet was used politically and temporarily occupied by Sultan Abdul Hakkul Mubin as his palace following the assassination of Sultan Muhammad Ali, an event that precipitated the Brunei civil war. The provided sources focus on the island's geographic and historical role; they do not describe current access conditions, preservation status, or any physical alterations to the islet.