Naberius

Naberius appears in Renaissance and early modern European demonological compilations as one of the numbered spirits of the Goetic corpus. He is recorded in catalogs and commentaries associated with the Lesser Key of Solomon and related grimoires; Johann Weyer (1583) explicitly equated Naberius (Naberus) with the classical figure Cerberus, and later Goetic compilers and modern editors preserve him as a marquis (marquess) who commands legions. The available sources are descriptive entries in the demonological tradition rather than folkloric origin tales, situating Naberius within a demonological taxonomy that maps classical mythic names and new early modern demon names into a hierarchic court-and-army model of the unseen world (Weyer; Goetia / Lesser Key listings).

Sources record Naberius as presenting in at least two recurrent forms: a three-headed dog (explicitly evoking the classical Cerberus) and corvine shapes such as a raven, crow, or black crane. His speech is described as hoarse or raucous, yet he is said to present himself eloquently and amiably. Variant spellings and identifications (Naberus, Nebiros, Cerbere, Cerberus) appear in the material, and Johann Weyer renders him 'showing himself in the form of a crow' while linking the name to Cerberus, indicating the overlapping canine/corvine imagery in the tradition.

Accounts attribute to Naberius the instruction and enhancement of human skill—'making men cunning in all arts' and especially adept in rhetoric—and the social effect of altering honors: most authors assert he 'restores lost dignities and honors,' while Johann Weyer states the contrary, that he 'procures the loss of prelacies and dignities.' He is described as commanding nineteen legions, indicating a military-style authority over subordinate spirits. He is also credited with teaching 'the art of gracious living' and making a man amiable despite his hoarse voice, per the cited demonological summaries.